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Bloodstream Infection in Children Managed at a Tertiary Hospital in Oman
Nadiya Al Saeghi1, Marwah Al Thuhli1, Hajer Al Hamrashi2
1Department of Child Health, Al Nahda Hospital, Muscat, Oman.
Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal
|December 5, 2024
Summary
This study found a high rate of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (BSI) in Omani children, with Enterobacterales being the most common cause. Pseudomonas aeruginosa significantly increased mortality risk, emphasizing the need for improved infection control.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Hospital Epidemiology
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Bloodstream infections (BSI) pose a significant threat to pediatric populations, particularly in hospital settings.
- Understanding the local epidemiology and outcomes of BSI is crucial for effective management and prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the epidemiology and outcomes of bloodstream infections (BSI) in children in Oman.
- To identify common pathogens, risk factors, and mortality associated with BSI in this cohort.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study analyzed laboratory-confirmed BSI cases in children aged 0-12 years at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital from 2014-2018.
- Data on demographics, clinical information, and laboratory results were extracted from electronic health records.
Main Results:
- 404 significant BSI episodes were identified in 272 children, with 85.6% occurring in children ≤5 years old.
- Healthcare-related infections accounted for 82.4% of cases. Enterobacterales (37.6%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (15.6%) were the most frequent pathogens.
- Thirty-day crude mortality was 9.2%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was an independent predictor of 30-day mortality (aOR = 18.46).
Conclusions:
- A high incidence of healthcare-associated BSI was observed in Omani children.
- Findings underscore the necessity for enhanced infection control measures and optimized care for central venous access devices.
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