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In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
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Spin to orbital angular momentum transfer in frequency up-conversion.

Braian Pinheiro da Silva1, Wagner T Buono2, Leonardo J Pereira1

  • 1Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal Fluminense, 24210-346 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)
|December 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary

We show spin to orbital angular momentum transfer in frequency upconversion using structured light. This nonlinear optical effect enables control over light

Keywords:
OAMnonlinear opticssecond harmonic generationstructured light

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Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear Optics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Structured Light

Background:

  • Spin and orbital angular momentum (OAM) are fundamental properties of light.
  • Frequency upconversion is a nonlinear optical process that generates higher frequency light.
  • Structured light beams, like vector vortices, possess tailored spatial and polarization profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate spin-to-orbital angular momentum transfer during frequency upconversion.
  • To investigate the role of structured light and polarization in nonlinear optical processes.
  • To explore the crosstalk between spin and orbital angular momentum degrees of freedom.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized noncollinear second harmonic generation (SHG) with a type-II phase match.
  • Coupled a vector vortex beam with a circularly polarized Gaussian beam.
  • Analyzed the spatial properties and polarization states of the generated second harmonic beam.

Main Results:

  • The second harmonic beam inherited Hermite-Gaussian components from the vector vortex.
  • The relative phase of these components was controlled by the Gaussian beam's polarization.
  • Observed efficient spin-to-orbital angular momentum transfer, confirmed by experimental data matching theoretical predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated a novel mechanism for spin-to-orbital angular momentum transfer in nonlinear frequency upconversion.
  • Highlighted the influence of input beam polarization on the output beam's spatial structure.
  • This nonlinear optical response offers potential for advanced light manipulation and optical information processing.