Direct observation of quantum percolation dynamics

Area of Science:

• Quantum physics and optics
• Condensed matter physics
• Photonic devices

Background:

• Percolation theory models critical phase transitions in geometrical systems.
• Quantum mechanics introduces coherence and superposition, creating a quantum regime for percolation with unexplored phenomena.
• Experimental exploration of quantum percolation has been lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To experimentally demonstrate quantum transport in hexagonal percolation lattices.
• To investigate quantum percolation phenomena using photonic chips.
• To explore the relationship between quantum transport, disorder, and localization.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of large-scale hexagonal percolation lattices on a photonic chip using femtosecond laser direct writing.
• Experimental probing of quantum transport in these lattices using coherent light.
• Analysis of spatial confinement and propagation dynamics using localization parameters.

Main Results:

• Observed a quantum percolation threshold of 80% in laser-written lattices, exceeding the classical threshold of 63%.
• Demonstrated a transition from ballistic to diffusive propagation based on occupation probability.
• Successfully mapped large-scale porous structures into a functional photonic system.

Conclusions:

• Provides the first experimental observation of quantum percolation.
• Deepens the understanding of quantum transport, localization, and geometric effects.
• Inspires potential applications in quantum technologies and materials science.