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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

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Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
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Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
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Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)01:07

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Irradiation of a spin-active nucleus causes an increase or decrease in the signal intensity of neighboring nuclei that are not necessarily chemically bonded or involved in J-coupling.  This phenomenon, called the Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE), results from through-space interactions between the nuclear spins. The NOE effect decreases with increasing internuclear distance and is generally not observed beyond 4 angstroms. In NOE, dipole-dipole interactions between neighboring...
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Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
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Nanophotonic quantum sensing with engineered spin-optic coupling.

Laura Kim1,2, Hyeongrak Choi1,3, Matthew E Trusheim1,4

  • 1Research Laboratory of Electronics, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)
|December 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond offer robust room-temperature quantum sensing. Nanophotonic interfaces enhance readout fidelity for improved sensitivity in electromagnetic field, temperature, and rotation sensing.

Keywords:
IR absorption readoutNV diamondmagnetic imagingmagnetometryquantum diamond microscopyquantum sensing

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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum sensing
  • Materials science
  • Nanophotonics

Background:

  • Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are promising spin-based qubits with long coherence times at room temperature.
  • They enable sensing of electromagnetic fields, temperature, and rotation.
  • Current fluorescence-based readout methods limit sensing fidelity, especially for ensemble measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore nanophotonic interfaces for enhancing readout fidelity in NV center quantum sensing.
  • To investigate IR absorption via resonantly enhanced spin-optic coupling for improved spin-state readout.
  • To project the performance of spin-coupled resonant nanophotonic devices for micro- to nanoscale sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of nanophotonic interface designs.
  • Analysis of resonant spin-optic coupling mechanisms.
  • Theoretical projection of device performance and sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • Nanophotonic interfaces offer a pathway to near-unity readout fidelity.
  • IR absorption via resonant coupling enhances spin-optic transduction.
  • Projected devices show superior volume-normalized sensitivity for micro- to nanoscale sensing.

Conclusions:

  • Nanophotonic interfaces significantly improve readout fidelity for NV center quantum sensing.
  • Resonantly enhanced spin-optic coupling is key to high-fidelity transduction.
  • These advancements promise to outperform existing methods in sensitive, small-volume sensing applications.