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Dynamic beam control based on electrically switchable nanogratings from conducting polymers.

Yohan Lee¹, Julian Karst¹, Monika Ubl¹

¹4th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)

|December 5, 2024

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This study presents an ultracompact, electrically-driven infrared beam controller using conductive polymer diffraction gratings. The device dynamically controls light beams with low voltage, enabling new possibilities for optical applications.

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Materials Science
Electrical Engineering

Background:

Miniaturization of optical components is a key trend.
Metasurfaces offer advanced optical functionalities in compact devices.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate an electrically-driven, ultracompact beam controller for infrared light.
To utilize the metal-to-insulator transition of conductive polymers for optical beam steering.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of diffraction gratings using PEDOT:PSS, a conductive polymer.
Integration of multiple metagratings with varying superlattice periods.
Electrical biasing to control the plasmonic properties of the gratings.

Main Results:

Keywords:

beam diffraction electrically switchable nanogratings nanooptics plasmonics

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Achieved diffraction beams at 16° and 33.5° with only ±1 V applied voltage.
Demonstrated reversible control, with diffraction ceasing upon switching off the plasmonic property.
The device operates effectively in the infrared spectral range.

Conclusions:

Electrically-driven metasurface gratings offer dynamic control of infrared beams.
This technology is transformative for sensing, imaging, and communication systems.
The use of PEDOT:PSS provides a low-voltage, compact solution for beam steering.