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Complement System01:27

Complement System

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The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
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Fats and lipids are crucial components in the human body. Some lipid-derived compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, eicosanoids, lipoproteins, and glycolipids, also play unique roles to support various  biological processes .
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Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
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Methods to Study Lipid Alterations in Neutrophils and the Subsequent Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps
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The complement system in lipid-mediated pathologies.

Lejla Alic1, Kristina Dendinovic2, Nikolina Papac-Milicevic2

  • 1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Frontiers in Immunology
|December 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary

The complement system regulates lipid metabolism and host homeostasis. Its dysregulation impacts diseases like atherosclerosis and obesity, highlighting its role in immunity and metabolic health.

Keywords:
complementcomplement systeminnate immunitylipid metabolismlipid-mediated pathologies

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Metabolic Diseases
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The complement system is crucial for innate immunity and host homeostasis.
  • It influences metabolic processes including lipid and glucose metabolism.
  • Dysregulation is implicated in various metabolic pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interplay between complement system activation and lipid metabolism.
  • To explore the role of complement in lipid-associated diseases.
  • To evaluate complement-mediated mechanisms in vitro and in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on complement system and lipid metabolism.
  • Analysis of studies investigating complement activation in metabolic diseases.
  • Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo experimental data.

Main Results:

  • Alterations in complement system affect pathological outcomes in atherosclerosis, obesity, and other metabolic diseases.
  • Specific complement components and pathways are linked to lipid metabolism.
  • Evidence supports complement's role in diseases like metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Conclusions:

  • The complement system significantly bridges innate immunity and lipid homeostasis.
  • Understanding complement's role offers therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases.
  • Complement dysregulation is a key factor in the pathogenesis of lipid-associated disorders.