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Published on: March 29, 2017
The complement system in lipid-mediated pathologies
Lejla Alic1, Kristina Dendinovic2, Nikolina Papac-Milicevic2
1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Insights
The complement system regulates lipid metabolism and host homeostasis. Its dysregulation impacts diseases like atherosclerosis and obesity, highlighting its role in immunity and metabolic health.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Metabolic Diseases
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- The complement system is crucial for innate immunity and host homeostasis.
- It influences metabolic processes including lipid and glucose metabolism.
- Dysregulation is implicated in various metabolic pathologies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the interplay between complement system activation and lipid metabolism.
- To explore the role of complement in lipid-associated diseases.
- To evaluate complement-mediated mechanisms in vitro and in vivo.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on complement system and lipid metabolism.
- Analysis of studies investigating complement activation in metabolic diseases.
- Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo experimental data.
Main Results:
- Alterations in complement system affect pathological outcomes in atherosclerosis, obesity, and other metabolic diseases.
- Specific complement components and pathways are linked to lipid metabolism.
- Evidence supports complement's role in diseases like metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
Conclusions:
- The complement system significantly bridges innate immunity and lipid homeostasis.
- Understanding complement's role offers therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases.
- Complement dysregulation is a key factor in the pathogenesis of lipid-associated disorders.
Abstract:
The complement system, a coordinator and facilitator of the innate immune response, plays an essential role in maintaining host homeostasis. It promotes clearance of pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns, regulates adaptive immunity, and can modify various metabolic processes such as energy expenditure, lipid metabolism, and glucose homeostasis. In this review, we will focus on the intricate interplay between complement components and lipid metabolism. More precisely, we will display how alterations in the activation and regulation of the complement system affect pathological outcome in lipid-associated diseases, such as atherosclerosis, obesity, metabolic syndrome, age-related macular degeneration, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. In addition to that, we will present and evaluate underlying complement-mediated physiological mechanisms, observed both in vitro and in vivo. Our manuscript will demonstrate the clinical significance of the complement system as a bridging figure between innate immunity and lipid homeostasis.
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