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Ridge dimensional changes and implant stability utilizing the osseodensification protocol: A randomized clinical

Aziz M Saqr1, Srinivas Ayilavarapu1, Kavan Gandhi2

  • 1Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas, USA.

Journal of Periodontology
|December 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Osseodensification drilling (OD) offers greater alveolar ridge dimensional changes and superior implant stability compared to standard drilling (SD). OD predictably maintains buccal bone thickness, reducing resorption risks and enhancing implant outcomes.

Keywords:
bone tissuecone beam computed tomographydental implantsrandomized controlled trialwound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Implantology
  • Bone Grafting and Augmentation
  • Periodontology

Background:

  • Limited evidence exists comparing osseodensification drilling (OD) to standard drilling (SD) regarding alveolar ridge dimensions and implant stability.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for optimizing implant placement and long-term success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of OD and SD on alveolar ridge dimensional changes.
  • To evaluate the impact of OD and SD on implant stability.
  • To assess changes in buccal bone thickness (BBT) and implant stability over time.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 15 patients and 20 pairs of implants.
  • Measurement of ridge width changes at the crest and 5, 10 mm apical to the crest using a surgical guide.
  • Recording of insertion torque and implant stability quotients (ISQ) post-placement and at 3, 6, 12 weeks.
  • Analysis of 6-month post-operative buccal bone thickness changes using CBCT superimposition.

Main Results:

  • OD resulted in greater ridge width changes at the crest and 5 mm apical compared to SD.
  • OD maintained buccal bone thickness significantly better than SD at 6 months post-op.
  • Implants placed with OD demonstrated higher insertion torque, ISQ values, and achieved high implant stability (HIS) more frequently.

Conclusions:

  • OD promotes greater ridge dimensional changes during osteotomy preparation compared to SD.
  • OD predictably maintains buccal bone thickness, reducing the risk of dehiscence and resorption.
  • OD leads to superior insertion torque, higher ISQ values, and sustained high implant stability throughout healing.