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Acute Human Bocavirus 1 Infection in Children Hospitalized for Acute Bronchiolitis: A 2-Year Prospective Study

Tina Uršič1, Lara Lusa2,3, Franc Strle4

  • 1From the Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|December 5, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) replication was assessed in children hospitalized for acute bronchiolitis (AB). Active HBoV1 infections in AB patients showed high viral DNA and mRNA in nasopharyngeal samples, with plasma DNA detection.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Human bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is a known respiratory pathogen.
  • Acute bronchiolitis (AB) is a common respiratory illness in infants and young children.
  • The role of HBoV1 replication in the severity of AB requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the proportion of HBoV1 replication in children hospitalized with AB.
  • To evaluate the clinical significance of HBoV1 replication in these patients.
  • To differentiate active HBoV1 infections from inactive ones.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study design.
  • Detection of HBoV1 DNA and mRNA in nasopharyngeal (NP) samples from children with AB and healthy controls.
  • Analysis of HBoV1 DNA in plasma samples.

Main Results:

  • HBoV1 DNA was found in 12.1% of AB patients and 6% of controls.
  • A high rate of co-detection with other respiratory viruses was observed in AB patients (75.7%).
  • Active HBoV1 infection (DNA and mRNA positive) was confirmed in 24.3% of HBoV1 DNA-positive NP swabs, with concurrent detection of HBoV1 DNA in plasma.

Conclusions:

  • Children with acute HBoV1 infection and AB exhibit high viral DNA loads in NP samples.
  • Detection of HBoV1 mRNA and plasma DNA indicates active viral replication.
  • These findings suggest HBoV1 replication plays a role in the clinical course of acute bronchiolitis.
Abstract

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