A New Perspective on Pig Genetics and Breeding: microRNA

microRNA (miRNA) is a class of small non-coding RNA molecules that are widely expressed in organisms and play an important role in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In recent years, researchers have begun to explore its effects on the development of domestic animals and have begun to think about its potential role in modern molecular breeding. Increasing evidence shows that miRNA play a central role in the regulation of pig fertility, pork product quality and disease resistance. Understanding the physiological mechanism of miRNA will be able to better guide future breeding work. In this paper, we will review the research progress of the function and mechanism of miRNA in combination with the above economic characteristics of pigs. The reported miRNA and their target genes were sorted out to evaluate their potential role in improving economic traits such as pig fertility, meat quality and disease resistance, to provide a reference for modern pig molecular breeding.