Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
Antonio Spaggiari1, Wayne A Morrison2, Caterina Marra1
1From the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
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This study revisits the breast-sharing technique for breast reconstruction after mastectomy. Combining computed tomography angiography (angio-CT) and indocyanine green (ICG) imaging improves vascular predictability, making the internal mammary artery perforator (IMAP) flap a viable option for select patients.
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