Exploring Azolla as a sustainable feedstock for eco-friendly bioplastics: A review

In today's world, environmental concerns about plastic pollution of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems are at the forefront of many conversations. However, a solution that is gaining momentum is bioplastics. Bioplastics come from sustainable biological sources such as plants, bio-waste, or microorganisms, rather than non-renewable fossil fuels like petroleum or natural gas. The properties of Azolla, including its growth in aquatic environments, high nutrient content, and ability to symbiotically fix nitrogen, make it an intriguing candidate for sustainable bioplastics feedstock. By analyzing the current state of research on bioplastics, this review aims to demonstrate the feasibility, challenges and environmental sustainability of this new environmentally friendly alternative to plastics. Thus, we contribute to the ongoing discourse on addressing plastic pollution and environmental degradation through innovative, sustainable materials. The research results show that the unique properties of Azolla such as rapid growth and nutritional content make it a strong contender for sustainable bioplastics raw materials. Azolla-based bioplastics can be helpful as an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional plastics. However, it is crucial to address challenges related to cultivation, processing, and economic feasibility for practical implementation. Azolla-based bioplastics are an opportunity to reduce the environmental impact of plastic waste and contribute to a more sustainable future.