Research progress on the correlation between estrogen and estrogen receptor on postmenopausal sarcopenia

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Neuroscience
• Gerontology

Background:

• Estrogen is a key sex steroid hormone with significant neuroprotective and systemic effects beyond reproduction.
• It influences cognition, mood, and autonomic regulation through complex interactions within the brain.
• Estrogen's impact on mitochondrial metabolism in skeletal muscle is crucial for energy production and overall health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the literature on estrogen's effects on postmenopausal skeletal muscle diseases.
• To explore the molecular mechanisms, particularly mitochondrial metabolism, underlying these effects.
• To identify potential therapeutic targets for sarcopenia and related conditions.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on estrogen, postmenopausal women, skeletal muscle, and mitochondrial metabolism.
• Analysis of molecular mechanisms linking estrogen deficiency to muscle dysfunction.
• Synthesis of findings related to bioenergetic profiles and neuronal health.

Main Results:

• Estrogen deficiency in menopause is associated with brain structural changes, cognitive decline, and increased Alzheimer's risk.
• Reduced estrogen leads to endocrine and metabolic dysfunction, including osteoporosis and sarcopenia.
• Estrogen influences ATP production and metabolic health, impacting skeletal muscle mass and strength.

Conclusions:

• Estrogen plays a critical role in maintaining skeletal muscle homeostasis and motor function in postmenopausal women.
• Its impact on mitochondrial function presents potential therapeutic avenues for treating sarcopenia.
• Further research into estrogen's mechanisms can inform strategies for improving aging-related muscle health.