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Validation of salivary proteomic biomarkers for early detection of oral cancer in the Egyptian population

  • 0Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, El Sherouk City, Egypt.
Future Science Oa +

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December 6, 2024

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December 6, 2024

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that salivary biomarkers interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and soluble CD44 (sCD44) can help detect oral cancer early. These biomarkers are associated with disease severity and risk factors in an Egyptian population.

Area Of Science

  • Proteomics
  • Oncology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background

  • Oral cancer presents a significant global health challenge.
  • Early detection is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • Salivary biomarkers offer a non-invasive approach for oral cancer screening.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of salivary proteomic biomarkers IL-6, IL-8, and sCD44 for early oral cancer detection.
  • To investigate associations between these biomarkers and oral cancer risk factors in an Egyptian population.

Main Methods

  • A study involving 100 participants: 25 healthy controls, 25 with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) without dysplasia, 25 with OPMDs with dysplasia, and 25 oral cancer patients.
  • Assessment of demographic data, gingival index, oral hygiene, and salivary levels of IL-6, IL-8, and sCD44.

Main Results

  • Salivary levels of IL-6, IL-8, and sCD44 increased progressively with disease severity.
  • IL-8 and IL-6 demonstrated discriminating potential across disease stages from normal to oral cancer.
  • sCD44 showed high sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing normal from dysplastic tissues.
  • A positive correlation was observed between the three biomarkers, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) grade, and risk factors.

Conclusions

  • This is the first study to evaluate multiple salivary proteomic biomarkers in the Egyptian population.
  • IL-6, IL-8, and sCD44 are validated as sensitive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
  • These biomarkers show promise for the screening and early detection of oral cancer.

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