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Perceptions and Prevalence of Anxiolytic Medication Usage for Performance Enhancement Among Musicians
Anne Kuwabara, Emily Miller Olson, Jeremy L Stanek1
1Stanford Sports Medicine, 6121 Hollis St., Ste 900, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA. stanek@stanford.edu.
Medical Problems of Performing Artists
|December 6, 2024
Summary
Musicians frequently use beta-blockers for performance anxiety, with many also using benzodiazepines and cannabis. Most musicians perceive these drugs as performance-enhancing but do not consider their use unethical.
Area of Science:
- Music Performance
- Pharmacology
- Psychology
Background:
- Anecdotal evidence suggests performance-enhancing medication use in artists.
- Limited research exists on prevalence and attitudes among performing artists.
- Medications like benzodiazepines, beta-blockers, and cannabinoids are anecdotally used for anxiety.
Purpose of the Study:
- Evaluate perceptions, acquisition, and use of performance-enhancing medications in musicians.
- Clarify usage patterns to improve patient counseling and safety.
- Assess attitudes towards the use of these substances.
Main Methods:
- Anonymous cross-sectional survey.
- Online platform (REDCap) administered the survey.
- Participants included members of major musician organizations.
Main Results:
- 311 musicians participated; mean age 45.6 years.
- 57% used beta-blockers for auditions, 51% for performances.
- Fewer musicians used benzodiazepines or cannabis; most did not find use unethical.
Conclusions:
- Beta-blockers are commonly used by musicians for performance anxiety.
- Benzodiazepines and cannabis are less frequently used but perceived as performance-enhancing.
- Current use patterns highlight the need for informed patient counseling.
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