Suture Button Fixation in Shoulder Instability Surgery to Achieve Bone Healing: A Critical Analysis Review

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomedical Engineering
• Sports Medicine

Background:

• Suture button fixation is increasingly used for Latarjet procedures and anterior glenoid reconstruction.
• Bone block healing is crucial for successful reconstruction outcomes.
• Understanding fixation methods' impact on bone healing is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness of suture button fixation in Latarjet and anterior glenoid reconstruction.
• To compare biomechanical properties of suture button fixation with traditional methods.
• To assess bone healing rates and clinical outcomes associated with suture button constructs.

Main Methods:

• Review of biomechanical data comparing screw and suture button fixation.
• Analysis of preliminary bone healing models examining fixation rigidity.
• Evaluation of clinical outcomes and bone healing rates in patients undergoing reconstruction with suture button fixation.

Main Results:

• Suture button fixation demonstrates high rates of bone block healing in Latarjet and glenoid reconstruction.
• Biomechanical studies show comparable load to failure and stability between screw and suture button constructs.
• Flexible fixation may promote callus maturation, while rigid fixation can lead to hyperplasia.
• Mechanical tensioner use enhances bone-to-bone healing in anterior glenoid reconstruction.
• Short- to mid-term clinical outcomes are favorable for arthroscopic Latarjet and glenoid reconstruction using suture buttons with autografts.

Conclusions:

• Suture button fixation is an effective surgical construct for Latarjet and anterior glenoid reconstruction with autografts.
• Consistent tensioning with mechanical tensioners improves bone healing rates.
• Further investigation is required to ascertain the reliability of allograft bone healing with suture button constructs.