A novel robot-assisted method for implanting intracortical sensorimotor devices for brain-computer interface studies:...

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Robotics
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Precise microelectrode array implantation is crucial for effective brain-computer interface (BCI) surgery.
• Robotic assistance in BCI surgery remains an underexplored area.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a novel robot-assisted surgical technique for implanting rigid intracortical microelectrode arrays for BCI applications.
• To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of this technique in a human subject.

Main Methods:

• A novel robot-assisted surgical technique was developed and utilized for implanting microelectrode arrays.
• The technique was applied to a 31-year-old male with C4 spinal cord injury and tetraplegia.
• Postoperative imaging confirmed accurate device placement.

Main Results:

• The microelectrode arrays were successfully implanted into the brain parenchyma in a single insertion without complications.
• The participant achieved 2D control of a virtual arm and hand (20/20 attempts) using motor cortex arrays.
• High-quality signal recording was maintained for 100 and 200 days postimplantation.
• Intracortical microstimulation evoked sensations in the participant's fingers and palm.

Conclusions:

• The robot-assisted neurosurgery technique was successfully translated for BCI device implantation in an early feasibility trial.
• The demonstrated accuracy contributed to high-quality signal communication, aiming to restore upper-limb function.
• This robotic approach shows promise for advancing BCI technology and neuroprosthetics.