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Deafness and Specific Learning Disorder: towards a possible comorbidity.
Elena Tomasuolo1, Arianna Bello2, Manuela Gragnaniello3
1Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council, Rome, Italy.
Acta Psychologica
|December 6, 2024
Summary
Some children with cochlear implants (CIs) experience severe reading and writing deficits, suggesting a possible Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) comorbidity with deafness, not just a consequence of hearing loss.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Audiology
- Developmental Psychology
- Neuroscience
Background:
- Cochlear implants (CIs) aim to improve auditory rehabilitation in deaf children.
- Some children with CIs show language and literacy skills below expected outcomes.
- Unexplained reading and writing deficits in deaf children with CIs warrant further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate if reading and writing deficits in deaf children with CIs represent a domain-specific learning disorder.
- To analyze academic discrepancies in reading and writing between deaf children with CIs.
Main Methods:
- Compared three prelingually deaf children with CIs and learning disorders (Deaf+LD group) to deaf children with CIs (Deaf group).
- Matched the Deaf+LD group with three hearing children with Specific Learning Disorder (SLD group) on chronological age.
- Assessed reading and writing abilities in all groups.
Main Results:
- Deaf+LD group exhibited severe reading and writing deficits, similar to the SLD group.
- Deaf group showed normal reading and writing abilities.
- Children with presumed SLD had language profiles more similar to hearing children with SLD.
Conclusions:
- Suggests considering comorbidity between deafness and Specific Learning Disorder (SLD).
- Specific language profiles support the association between deafness and SLD.
- Early identification of SLD in deaf children with CIs is crucial for targeted interventions.
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