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Katherine Freese1,2,3, Gabriele Montefalcone1, Barmak Shams Es Haghi1

  • 1Texas Center for Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, Weinberg Institute for Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, <a href="https://ror.org/00hj54h04">The University of Texas at Austin</a>, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Warm inflation, a theory of the early universe, can produce dark matter (DM) through a process called ultraviolet freeze-in (WIFI). This method significantly enhances dark matter yield compared to standard models, potentially explaining the entire cosmic dark matter abundance.

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Particle Physics
  • Astrophysics

Background:

  • The origin and abundance of dark matter remain significant unsolved problems in cosmology.
  • Inflationary cosmology provides a framework for understanding the early universe's evolution.
  • Ultraviolet freeze-in is a mechanism for producing dark matter particles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate dark matter production during warm inflation.
  • To explore the "warm inflation via ultraviolet freeze-in" (WIFI) mechanism.
  • To compare dark matter yields from WIFI with conventional freeze-in scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a warm inflation (WI) model with a persistent thermal bath.
  • Analyzing non-renormalizable interactions coupling dark matter to the thermal bath.
  • Comparing dark matter yields in WIFI against radiation-dominated (RD) UV freeze-in scenarios.

Main Results:

  • Warm inflation via ultraviolet freeze-in (WIFI) can generate a substantial dark matter abundance.
  • The dark matter yield in WIFI is significantly enhanced compared to RD UV freeze-in.
  • The enhancement strongly depends on the mass dimension of the non-renormalizable operator, increasing with higher dimensions.
  • For operators with sufficiently large mass dimensions, dark matter production during inflation can account for the entire observed abundance.
  • Enhancements of at least an order of magnitude (for dimension 5) to 18 orders of magnitude (for dimension 10) were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Warm inflation offers a viable and efficient mechanism for dark matter production.
  • WIFI provides a compelling alternative to standard freeze-in models for generating dark matter.
  • The findings suggest potential applications for producing other cosmological relics during inflation.