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Extending visual range of bacteria with upconversion nanoparticles and constructing NIR-responsive bio-microrobots.

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Researchers developed novel bio-microrobots using engineered E. coli and nanoparticles. These robots, controlled by near-infrared light, can switch bacterial motility states, offering potential for targeted drug delivery.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Bacterial motility is vital for survival and environmental navigation, impacting processes like biofilm formation.
  • Current optogenetic tools for controlling bacterial motility are limited to the visible light spectrum.
  • Near-infrared (NIR) light offers deeper tissue penetration, suggesting advantages for in vivo applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel bio-microrobot system for precise control of bacterial motility.
  • To utilize genetically engineered bacteria and upconversion nanoparticles responsive to NIR light.
  • To enable wavelength-dependent switching of bacterial motility states.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed bio-microrobots by integrating genetically engineered E. coli with orthogonally emissive upconversion nanoparticles.
  • Applied 980 nm and 808 nm NIR light to stimulate the upconversion nanoparticles.
  • Observed and controlled the transition of bacterial motility between swimming and tumbling states by alternating NIR light wavelengths.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated successful toggling of bacterial motility states (swimming and tumbling) using distinct NIR light wavelengths (980 nm and 808 nm).
  • Engineered E. coli cells integrated with upconversion nanoparticles exhibited responsive motility changes.
  • The system provides precise, non-invasive control over bacterial behavior via NIR light stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed bio-microrobot system offers a novel approach for controlling bacterial motility using NIR light.
  • This technology overcomes limitations of visible-light optogenetics, enabling deeper tissue penetration.
  • Potential applications include targeted drug delivery and advanced microbial manipulation in biological systems.