[Neoadjuvant therapy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer].

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Immunotherapy
• Thoracic Surgery

Background:

• Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have expanded non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment options.
• Combined ICI-based therapies are now being explored in early, resectable NSCLC stages.
• Neoadjuvant and perioperative chemoimmunotherapy present new preoperative treatment avenues and challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the evolving landscape of perioperative therapy for resectable NSCLC.
• To emphasize the need for comprehensive, early-stage diagnostic data collection (imaging, molecular, histopathological).
• To underscore the importance of interdisciplinary tumor boards in optimizing multimodal treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

• Review of current neoadjuvant and perioperative treatment concepts in NSCLC.
• Discussion of diagnostic requirements for therapy-relevant findings.
• Emphasis on the role of interdisciplinary tumor boards and standardized procedures.

Main Results:

• Perioperative chemoimmunotherapy is a promising approach for early-stage NSCLC.
• Early and comprehensive diagnostic evaluation is crucial for treatment planning.
• Neoadjuvant treatment can improve the feasibility of parenchymal-sparing surgery for centrally located tumors.

Conclusions:

• The integration of ICIs into perioperative settings for NSCLC necessitates continuous adaptation of diagnostic algorithms.
• Standardized procedures and close interdisciplinary coordination are essential for successful multimodal treatment.
• Ongoing studies are evaluating molecular-targeted and ICI-based perioperative therapies, requiring dynamic clinical practice adjustments.