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Exploring the cognitive effects of kratom: A review
Farah Wahida Suhaimi1, Nurul Husna Mohamad Khari1, Zurina Hassan1
1Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Behavioural Brain Research
|December 6, 2024
Summary
Kratom use, despite regulations, is rising globally for pain relief and opioid treatment. Research indicates kratom, especially mitragynine, may negatively impact cognitive functions by affecting brain activity and synaptic transmission.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Psychology
Background:
- Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) consumption is increasing worldwide, despite regional regulations.
- It is used for pain relief, opioid use disorder treatment, and recreationally.
- Substance abuse, including kratom, can lead to cognitive impairment, prompting research into its neurological effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the effects of kratom on cognitive behaviors.
- To explore the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of kratom's impact on cognition.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating kratom and cognitive function.
- Analysis of research on kratom alkaloid interactions with brain receptors (opioid, serotonergic, adrenergic).
Main Results:
- Kratom, particularly its primary alkaloid mitragynine, may adversely affect cognitive performance.
- Potential mechanisms include disruption of synaptic plasticity and altered brain activity.
- Changes in proteins involved in synaptic transmission are implicated.
Conclusions:
- Kratom's impact on cognition suggests potential adverse effects on cognitive performance.
- Understanding these effects is crucial for assessing kratom's safety profile.
- This knowledge is vital for therapeutic development, including its potential role in opioid substitution therapy.
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