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Efficient yeast breeding using a sake metabolome analysis for a strain evaluation.

Risako Kinoshita1, Muneyoshi Kanai2, Kaoru Takegawa3

  • 1Research Department, Kitaya Co. Ltd., 374 Motomachi, Yame-shi, Fukuoka 834-0031, Japan; Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.

Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering
|December 6, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method for breeding sake yeast using metabolome analysis to ensure only desired traits are modified. This approach improves yeast breeding by accurately selecting strains with specific genetic improvements.

Keywords:
BreedingJapanese sakeLiquid chromatography/mass spectrometryMetabolomicsSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSake yeast

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biotechnology
  • Food Science

Background:

  • Traditional sake yeast breeding relies on random mutagenesis (UV irradiation, chemical mutagens), often causing unintended trait alterations.
  • Selecting yeast strains based on indicators like analog resistance can be imprecise due to pleiotropic effects of mutations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel yeast breeding strategy using sake metabolome analysis for precise trait modification.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of metabolome analysis in selecting sake yeast strains with targeted genetic improvements while preserving parental traits.

Main Methods:

  • 110 sake yeast candidates were screened for target traits and cultured for metabolite extraction.
  • Comprehensive metabolite analysis was performed using sake metabolome analysis, followed by phylogenetic tree construction.
  • Selected strains underwent fermentation tests, and resulting sake was analyzed using liquid chromatography quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q/TOF-MS).

Main Results:

  • Metabolome analysis enabled the selection of yeast candidates with modifications limited to target traits, maintaining similarity to the parental strain.
  • Metabolomic data from small-scale yeast extract cultures correlated well with data from large-scale sake fermentation.
  • The study identified 21 promising candidate strains for further breeding.

Conclusions:

  • Sake metabolome analysis of yeast extracts is a reliable and efficient tool for evaluating yeast strains during the breeding process.
  • This method offers a significant advancement over traditional random mutagenesis, allowing for targeted genetic improvements in sake yeast.
  • This research presents the first report utilizing sake metabolome analysis for effective yeast breeding.