Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Analysis of Human T Cell Activity in an Allogeneic Co-Culture Setting of Pre-Treated Tumor Cells
Published on: March 7, 2025
Tumor microenvironment: Nurturing cancer cells for immunoevasion and druggable vulnerabilities for cancer
Hongyang Yu1, Jinyang Li1, Shiyin Peng2
1Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400042, China.
Abstract:
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is an intricate ecosystem where cancer cells thrive, encompassing a wide array of cellular and non-cellular components. The TME co-evolves with tumor progression in a spatially and temporally dynamic manner, which endows cancer cells with the adaptive capability of evading immune surveillance. To this end, diverse cancer-intrinsic mechanisms were exploited to dampen host immune system, such as upregulating immune checkpoints, impairing antigens presentation and competing for nutrients. In this review, we discuss how cancer immunoevasion is tightly regulated by hypoxia, one of the hallmark biochemical features of the TME. Moreover, we comprehensively summarize how immune evasiveness of cancer cells is facilitated by the extracellular matrix, as well as soluble components of TME, including inflammatory factors, lactate, nutrients and extracellular vesicles. Given their important roles in dictating cancer immunoevasion, various strategies to target TME components are proposed, which holds promising translational potential in developing novel therapeutics to sensitize anti-cancer immunotherapy such as immune checkpoint blockade.
More Related Videos
08:02In Vivo Immunogenicity Screening of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles by Flow Cytometry of Splenic T Cells
Published on: September 23, 2021
07:44Studying the Effects of Tumor-Secreted Paracrine Ligands on Macrophage Activation using Co-Culture with Permeable Membrane Supports
Published on: November 28, 2019
Related Concept Videos
The Tumor Microenvironment
Tumor Immunotherapy
Treatment Resistant Cancers
Cancer Vaccines
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle