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Agency.

Peter R Killeen1, Stephen Helms Tillery1, Felipe Cabrera2

  • 1Arizona State University.

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|December 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Agency involves goal-directed actions within nested control systems. Free will and determinism are not opposites but spectrum inputs, reconciling volitional agency with deterministic processes.

Keywords:
Agentsactionsconsciousnesscontrol systemsdeterminismfree willintentionsimulationteleologyteleonomy

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Systems Theory

Background:

  • Traditional views struggle to reconcile deterministic processes with volitional agency.
  • Agency is defined as goal-directed action selected by an agent.
  • A deterministic worldview limits the scope for genuine agency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reconcile deterministic and volitional aspects of agency.
  • To propose a hierarchical model of control systems for action.
  • To explain the emergence of free will and determinism.

Main Methods:

  • Representing action as nested control systems, from deterministic to volitional.
  • Utilizing negative feedback to minimize goal deviations.
  • Incorporating positive feedback for attention and self-organization of action plans.
  • Modeling the Self as the brain's model of the agent, simulating action plans consciously.

Main Results:

  • Hierarchical systems explain goal determination, from reflexes to operant responses.
  • Habitual actions become automatic (closed teleonomic systems).
  • Emotional states and contextual changes can re-engage volitional control.
  • Conscious simulation of action plans provides hedonic value.
  • The Self, a colloquy of modules, simulates action plans for decision-making.

Conclusions:

  • Free will and determinism exist on a spectrum modulated by system inputs.
  • Agency is understood as a spectrum of control systems, not a binary.
  • This framework aligns with Grossberg's Adaptive Resonance Theory.