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Vision Training Methods for Sports Concussion Mitigation and Management

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Driving after Concussion: Symptom Clusters and Neurocognition Uniquely Relate to Post-concussion Driving Performance.

Kumiko Hashida¹, Julia Drattell¹, Hannes Devos²

¹UGA Concussion Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

|December 9, 2024

Summary

Clinical concussion assessment outcomes, including symptom clusters and neurocognitive function, uniquely predict simulated driving errors in individuals with recent concussions. These findings aid in return-to-driving decisions post-concussion.

Keywords:

CONCUSSION CONCUSSION ASSESSMENT DRIVING AFTER CONCUSSION RETURN TO DRIVE

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Sports Medicine
Rehabilitation Science

Background:

Concussion, a mild traumatic brain injury, can impair cognitive and motor functions.
Assessing return-to-driving readiness is crucial for post-concussion recovery.
Identifying specific clinical markers for driving impairment is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine which clinical concussion assessment outcomes best predict simulated driving performance in individuals with acute concussion.
To differentiate driving performance between concussed individuals and controls using clinical assessments.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional study involving 28 college students with concussion (within 72 hours) and 46 controls.
Collected data on concussion symptom clusters, neurocognitive domains, Standardized Assessment of Concussion, Balance Error Scoring System, and tandem gait.
Analyzed simulated driving outcomes including collisions, speed exceedances, centerline crossings, and road edge excursions using generalized linear mixed models.

Main Results:

Migrainous and cognitive-fatigue symptoms, along with poorer visual memory and slower reaction time, were linked to increased speed exceedances.
Better performance on the continuous performance test and higher Standardized Assessment of Concussion scores were paradoxically associated with more speed exceedances.
Poorer psychomotor speed, reaction time, cognitive flexibility, and executive function correlated with more centerline crossings.

Conclusions:

Specific concussion symptom clusters and neurocognitive deficits are key indicators of impaired simulated driving performance.
Clinical assessments of symptoms and neurocognitive function can inform return-to-driving decisions after concussion.