Infiltrating recurrent renal angiomyolipoma with fatal outcome

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pathology
• Urology

Background:

• Renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) are generally classified as benign mesenchymal tumors.
• Histological features like cellular pleomorphism and mitoses can be present but are often overlooked.
• This study focuses on a rare case of aggressive AML behavior.

Observation:

• A 49-year-old woman presented with a renal angiomyolipoma.
• Following surgical intervention, the tumor recurred massively, perforating the colon and invading the diaphragm.
• Despite aggressive treatment including debulking and radiation, the patient succumbed to the disease.

Findings:

• Literature review identified only a few cases of massive recurrence or significant local invasion of renal AMLs.
• This case represents an extreme manifestation of AML aggressiveness.

Implications:

• Patients diagnosed with renal angiomyolipomas require vigilant monitoring for signs of aggressive infiltration.
• Early detection of recurrent or invasive AML is crucial for potential intervention.
• This case underscores the importance of considering AMLs as potentially aggressive entities despite their benign classification.