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Inclusion of Cationic Amphiphilic Peptides in Fmoc-FF Generates Multicomponent Functional Hydrogels.

Mariangela Rosa1, Enrico Gallo2, Paolo Pellegrino3,4

  • 1Department of Pharmacy and Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides "Carlo Pedone" (CIRPeB), University of Naples "Federico II", Via T. De Amicis 95, Naples 80145, Italy.

ACS Applied Bio Materials
|December 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study details the creation of hybrid cationic peptide hydrogels for drug delivery. The alkyl chain length of cationic peptides significantly influences hydrogel properties and drug encapsulation efficiency.

Keywords:
cationic peptidesdrug deliveryhydrogelspeptide amphiphilespeptide nanoplatforms

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Peptide-based supramolecular nanostructures are emerging for in vivo drug encapsulation and delivery.
  • Primary sequence design of peptides is crucial for modulating nanostructure properties and drug affinity.
  • Positively charged residues (lysine, arginine) can enhance interactions with negatively charged drugs like nucleic acids.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formulate and characterize hybrid cationic peptide-containing hydrogels (HGs).
  • To investigate the influence of varying cationic amphiphilic peptide (CAP) alkyl chain lengths on HG properties.
  • To assess the drug encapsulation capabilities of these novel HG systems.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of hybrid hydrogels by mixing Fmoc-diphenylalanine (Fmoc-FF) with a library of CAPs (C8-C18 alkyl chains) at a 1:1 molar ratio.
  • Multiscale structural characterization of the hybrid hydrogels.
  • Evaluation of hydrogel morphology, stiffness, topography, and toxicity.
  • Assessment of negative drug (5-carboxyfluorescein) encapsulation using the developed hydrogels.

Main Results:

  • In hybrid HGs, Fmoc-FF guides aggregation, with CAPs being partially immobilized.
  • Hydrogel morphology, stiffness, topography, and toxicity are significantly influenced by CAP alkyl chain length.
  • The developed hydrogels demonstrated capability in encapsulating negatively charged model drugs.

Conclusions:

  • Hybrid cationic peptide hydrogels can be formulated using Fmoc-FF and CAPs.
  • The alkyl chain length of CAPs is a critical parameter for tuning hydrogel characteristics and drug loading.
  • These peptide-based hydrogels show promise as versatile platforms for the delivery of negatively charged therapeutics.