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Updated: Jun 5, 2025

An Optimized Single-Molecule Pull-Down Assay for Quantification of Protein Phosphorylation
Published on: June 6, 2022
Modulating Phosphorylation by Proximity-Inducing Modalities for Cancer Therapy
Qiuyue Zhang1,2, Jia Yu1,2, Qidong You1,2
1State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
Abstract:
Abnormal phosphorylation of proteins can lead to various diseases, particularly cancer. Therefore, the development of small molecules for precise regulation of protein phosphorylation holds great potential for drug design. While the traditional kinase/phosphatase small-molecule modulators have shown some success, achieving precise phosphorylation regulation has proven to be challenging. The emergence of heterobifunctional molecules, such as phosphorylation-inducing chimeric small molecules (PHICSs) and phosphatase recruiting chimeras (PHORCs), with proximity-inducing modalities is expected to lead to a breakthrough by specifically recruiting kinase or phosphatase to the protein of interest. Herein, we summarize the drug targets with aberrant phosphorylation in cancer and underscore the potential of correcting phosphorylation in cancer therapy. Through reported cases of heterobifunctional molecules targeting phosphorylation regulation, we highlight the current design strategies and features of these molecules. We also provide a systematic elaboration of the link between aberrantly phosphorylated targets and cancer as well as the existing challenges and future research directions for developing heterobifunctional molecular drugs for phosphorylation regulation.
Insights
New heterobifunctional molecules precisely regulate protein phosphorylation, offering a promising strategy for cancer therapy by targeting aberrant phosphorylation. These novel approaches aim to overcome limitations of traditional modulators for improved drug design.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
Background:
- Abnormal protein phosphorylation is a hallmark of various diseases, especially cancer.
- Traditional small-molecule kinase/phosphatase modulators face challenges in achieving precise phosphorylation control.
- Heterobifunctional molecules offer a novel approach for targeted phosphorylation regulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review drug targets with aberrant phosphorylation in cancer.
- To highlight the therapeutic potential of correcting protein phosphorylation in cancer.
- To explore the design strategies and features of emerging heterobifunctional molecules for phosphorylation regulation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of aberrant phosphorylation targets in cancer.
- Analysis of reported heterobifunctional molecules (e.g., PHICSs, PHORCs) for phosphorylation regulation.
- Systematic elaboration of the link between aberrant phosphorylation and cancer.
Main Results:
- Identified key drug targets with aberrant phosphorylation in various cancers.
- Demonstrated the potential of heterobifunctional molecules in recruiting kinases or phosphatases to specific proteins.
- Highlighted current design strategies and characteristics of these novel molecular agents.
Conclusions:
- Heterobifunctional molecules represent a significant advancement in targeting aberrant phosphorylation for cancer therapy.
- Further research into these molecules could overcome existing challenges and pave the way for new drug development.
- Precise phosphorylation regulation holds promise for innovative cancer treatment strategies.
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