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Updated: Jun 5, 2025
Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Published on: June 16, 2014
Factors Affecting Mortality in COVID-19 Patients with Pre-Existing Chronic Kidney Disease
Shyama Shyama1, Harsh Vardhan2, Vishnu Shankar Ojha1
1Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.
Insights
COVID-19 significantly increases mortality risk in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Male gender, older age, invasive ventilation, and high inflammatory markers are key risk factors for death in these vulnerable individuals.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- COVID-19 poses a severe threat to individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- Understanding risk factors for mortality in CKD patients with COVID-19 is crucial for effective management.
- Pre-existing renal impairment heightens vulnerability to severe viral infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the mortality risk factors in COVID-19 patients with pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD).
- To identify demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters associated with increased fatality in this patient cohort.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 150 adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and pre-existing CKD.
- Data collection included demographics, clinical parameters, and laboratory values.
- Kaplan-Meier curves, Log Rank tests, and Cox regression analyses were used to assess survival and identify risk factors.
Main Results:
- Male gender, advanced age, and invasive ventilation were associated with higher mortality.
- Elevated inflammatory markers (leukocyte count, LDH, CRP, D-dimer, IL-6) significantly increased the risk of death.
- The study identified key predictors of fatal outcomes in COVID-19 patients with CKD.
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 patients with CKD face a heightened risk of mortality.
- Factors such as male sex, older age, need for ventilation, and elevated inflammation predict poor outcomes.
- Tailored management strategies addressing these factors are essential for reducing mortality in COVID-19 patients with CKD.
Abstract:
The emergence of COVID-19 triggered a global health crisis, sparking concerns within the medical community about its interaction with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the heightened vulnerability of individuals with compromised renal function to severe viral infection and mortality. This retrospective study encompassed all adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 and pre-existing CKD admitted between May 2020 and May 2023. Their demographic data, relevant clinical parameters, and laboratory values were collected. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis and Log Rank test were employed to compare survival times between CKD patients and those developing acute kidney injury (AKI), while Cox regression analyses were conducted to pinpoint factors influencing the hazard of a fatal outcome. The study, involving 150 COVID-19 patient records with pre-existing CKD, revealed that male gender, advanced age, requirement for invasive ventilation, and elevated levels of inflammatory markers such as total leukocyte count, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and IL-6 significantly increased the risk of death. These findings underscore the necessity for tailored care and meticulous management in COVID-19 patients with coexisting CKD, emphasizing the importance of addressing factors such as gender, age, and inflammatory status to mitigate mortality risks effectively.
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