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Crescentic Glomerulonephritis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Niranjan A Vijayakumar1, Prabhav Bhansaly1, Jasmine Sethi1
1Department of Nephrology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Indian Journal of Nephrology
|December 9, 2024
Summary
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can cause kidney disease, including ANCA-negative crescentic glomerulonephritis. Successful management involved highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and steroids.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Kidney disease is a significant complication in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals.
- Pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis is a rare but serious renal manifestation in HIV patients.
Observation:
- A case of a young male with newly diagnosed HIV infection presenting with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) negative pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis is described.
- The patient exhibited no signs of extrarenal vasculitis involvement.
Findings:
- Successful management was achieved using a combination of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and oral steroids.
- This case highlights a treatable form of glomerulonephritis in the context of HIV infection.
Implications:
- Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of HIV-associated nephropathy are crucial for patient outcomes.
- This case contributes to the understanding of the spectrum of renal diseases in HIV-positive individuals and informs clinical management strategies.
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