Spontaneous and induced degradation of dermal fillers: A review
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Dermal filler degradation varies by type. Hyaluronic acid fillers break down naturally, while semipermanent fillers degrade over time. Permanent fillers remain indefinitely, with laser treatment as a removal option.
Area Of Science
- Aesthetic medicine
- Biomaterials science
- Dermatology
Background
- Dermal fillers are widely used in aesthetic medicine.
- A variety of temporary, semipermanent, and permanent filler options exist.
- Understanding filler degradation is crucial for patient safety.
Purpose Of The Study
- To review the spontaneous and induced degradation of dermal fillers in vitro and in vivo.
- To analyze the degradation mechanisms of different filler types.
- To inform safety assessments by considering filler degradability.
Main Methods
- Narrative review of existing literature.
- Analysis of degradation pathways for hyaluronic acid, poly-(D,L)-lactic acid, and calcium hydroxylapatite fillers.
- Examination of factors influencing filler persistence and removal methods.
Main Results
- Hyaluronic acid fillers degrade via hyaluronidase and reactive oxygen species.
- Semipermanent fillers (poly-(D,L)-lactic acid, calcium hydroxylapatite) decompose through hydrolysis and osteoclastic enzymes, persisting up to 2-5 years.
- Permanent fillers do not show documented degradation and remain lifelong; laser treatment is an alternative to surgery for removal.
Conclusions
- Filler degradation mechanisms differ significantly based on material composition.
- Hyaluronidase and cross-linking influence hyaluronic acid filler longevity.
- Assessment of filler degradability is essential for enhancing patient safety in aesthetic procedures.
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