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Large decrease in syringe distribution following the introduction of fentanyl in King County, Washington.

Sara N Glick1,2, Joe Tinsley2, Laura Pritchard Wirkman3

  • 1University of Washington, School of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Seattle, WA, United States.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Syringe services programs (SSPs) saw a sharp decline in syringe distribution after 2020, but client visits remained stable, indicating continued demand for harm reduction services. This shift may be linked to changing drug use patterns, including non-injection fentanyl use.

Keywords:
FentanylRoute of drug useSafer smoking suppliesSyringe accessSyringe services programs

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Substance Use Research

Background:

  • Syringe services programs (SSPs) are crucial for delivering harm reduction to people who use drugs (PWUD).
  • Shifting drug supply and consumption behaviors, such as increased non-injection fentanyl use, may affect how PWUD utilize SSPs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in syringe distribution and client encounters at SSPs in King County, Washington.
  • To understand the impact of changes in drug markets on SSP utilization and service delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Routine program data from three SSPs in King County were collected.
  • Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess trends in annual syringe distribution and client encounters.
  • Annual percent change (APC) was calculated for identified trend periods.

Main Results:

  • Syringe distribution peaked in 2020 and sharply declined by 2023 (APC=-32.8% from 2020-2023).
  • Client encounters remained stable overall (APC=0.7% from 2010-2023), with an increasing trend noted at an SSP distributing safer smoking supplies.
  • Syringe distribution was stable or increasing from 1989 to 2020.

Conclusions:

  • A significant decrease in syringe distribution occurred post-2020, coinciding with increased fentanyl availability.
  • Client encounters demonstrate PWUD's ongoing need for harm reduction services.
  • Distribution of safer smoking supplies may be associated with increased client engagement.