Prevalence and Correlators of Anxiety and Depression in Premature Coronary Artery Disease

The present study assessed the correlation between anxiety and depression in young and middle-aged Chinese patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

This study included 313 patients diagnosed with premature CAD at the Department of Cardiology between January and July 2023. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety/Depression Scale (SAS/SDS) was used as a standardized scale to assess mental health symptoms. A binary logistic regression model (backward) was used to analyze the correlation between anxiety and depression in premature CAD.

Anxiety was observed in 154 persons with a prevalence of 49.20%, with a median SAS score of 53.0 (52.00-54.00). Depression was observed in 91 patients, with a prevalence of 29.07%, with a median SDS score was 55.00 (54.00-57.00). A total of 63 (20.13%) patients had comorbid anxiety and depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that anxiety was positively associated with severe coronary artery stenosis, systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index, and snoring. However, it is negatively associated with high-income levels. Depression was positively associated with age, severe coronary artery stenosis, and snoring. However, it was negatively associated with SBP. Comorbid anxiety and depression were positively associated with age, severe coronary artery stenosis, and snoring.

For the first time, we investigated the prevalence and correlators of anxiety and depression in premature CAD. Therefore, the correlators of emotional status should be routinely evaluated in both primary and specialized care services.