Antimicrobial Biphasic Polymer Coatings Enabled by Fast Diffusion of Active Compounds

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Polymer Chemistry
• Surface Science

Background:

• The need for effective antimicrobial surfaces is critical, especially given the threat of pandemics.
• Conventional antimicrobial coatings often compromise durability for efficacy.
• A balance between long-lasting antimicrobial activity and physical robustness is required.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel biphasic polyurethane coating that overcomes the efficacy-durability trade-off.
• To create a surface capable of sustained release of antimicrobial agents.
• To evaluate the coating's performance in simulated real-world conditions.

Main Methods:

• Development of a biphasic polyurethane coating with discrete polycarbonate and continuous poly(ethylene glycol) phases.
• Incorporation and assessment of antimicrobial active compounds (carboxylic acid and quaternary ammonium).
• Testing for antimicrobial efficacy against Human Coronavirus 229E and Influenza A H1N1.
• Evaluation of durability through simulated cleaning, environmental exposure (heat, humidity, light), and flammability tests.

Main Results:

• The biphasic coating effectively absorbed and retained antimicrobial compounds for over five years of simulated cleaning.
• Demonstrated high inactivation rates (up to 99.99%) for Human Coronavirus 229E and Influenza A H1N1.
• Antimicrobial levels could be boosted by using disinfectants during cleaning.
• The coating exhibited controlled hardness, stain resistance, environmental durability, and passed flammability protocols.

Conclusions:

• The developed biphasic polyurethane coating offers a durable and effective solution for passive surface disinfection.
• This technology presents a promising approach for applications requiring long-term microbial control, such as in automotive and aerospace industries.
• The coating's ability to be recharged with disinfectants enhances its practical utility.