Collagen Matrix Versus Subepithelial Connective Tissue for Recession Coverage: A Systematic Review

Area of Science:

• Periodontology
• Regenerative Dentistry
• Oral Surgery

Background:

• Gingival recession affects numerous patients, leading to aesthetic concerns and potential root surface issues.
• Surgical coverage of gingival recession is a common dental procedure.
• Collagen matrix (CMX) has emerged as an alternative material for root coverage procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy of collagen matrix (CMX) versus subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) for gingival recession coverage (RC).
• To evaluate outcomes including percentage of recession coverage, recession reduction, and keratinized tissue dimensions.

Main Methods:

• A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted.
• Studies compared CMX versus SCTG or CMX versus no grafting for Class I recession.
• Risk of bias assessment and quantitative analysis were performed.

Main Results:

• No significant difference in %RC between CMX and SCTG (p=0.37).
• SCTG showed significantly greater recession reduction (p=0.02) and keratinized tissue width (p=0.03).
• CMX demonstrated significantly better %RC (p=0.003) and keratinized tissue thickness (p<0.0001) compared to no grafting, with shorter intervention times (p<0.0001).

Conclusions:

• CMX is a viable option for gingival recession coverage, particularly when increased keratinized tissue thickness and reduced surgical time are desired.
• The choice between CMX and SCTG may depend on specific patient and clinical factors.
• Further research may explore long-term outcomes and patient-reported benefits.