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Multimodal interpersonal synchrony: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Shay Ohayon1, Ilanit Gordon2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.

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Summary

Interpersonal synchrony links neural, physiological, and behavioral signals. Neural-behavioral synchrony showed a medium effect, while physiological-behavioral synchrony had a small effect, indicating complex social interactions.

Keywords:
Behavioral synchronyInterpersonal synchronyMultimodal synchronyNeural synchronyPhysiological synchrony

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Area of Science:

  • Social Neuroscience
  • Psychophysiology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Interpersonal synchrony, the temporal coordination of social interactions, is increasingly studied across different modalities.
  • Understanding the interplay between neural, physiological, and behavioral synchrony is crucial for comprehending social dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the associations between different modalities of interpersonal synchrony.
  • To investigate the relationship between neural and behavioral synchrony, physiological and behavioral synchrony, and neural and physiological synchrony.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PsycINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar for studies on human dyads.
  • Meta-analysis of 37 samples (1342 participants) for neural-behavioral synchrony and 13 samples (369 participants) for physiological-behavioral synchrony.
  • Systematic review of 3 studies (150 participants) for neural-physiological synchrony due to limited data.

Main Results:

  • A significant medium effect size (r=0.32) was found for neural and behavioral synchrony, particularly in frontocentral brain regions.
  • A small effect size (r=0.18) was identified for physiological and behavioral synchrony.
  • Results for neural and physiological synchrony were inconsistent, highlighting the need for more research.

Conclusions:

  • Neural and behavioral synchrony are moderately linked, with specific brain regions showing stronger associations.
  • Physiological and behavioral synchrony show a weaker association.
  • Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between neural and physiological synchrony and to develop a theoretical framework for multimodal interpersonal synchrony.