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Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Anti-Nuclear Antibody Screening Using HEp-2 Cells
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Anti-vitamin D antibodies.

Jozélio Freire de Carvalho1, Thelma L Skare2, Ana Tereza Amoedo Martinez3

  • 1Núcleo de Pesquisa em Doenças Crônicas não Transmissíveis (NUPEC), School of Nutrition from the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.

Autoimmunity Reviews
|December 9, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Anti-vitamin D antibodies are found in patients with autoimmune diseases like lupus and scleroderma. Their presence may play a role in disease development and progression, linking to other autoantibodies.

Keywords:
Anti-vitamin DAntiphospholipid syndromeAutoantibodiesAutoimmune diseasesAutoimmunityPemphigusSystemic lupus erythematosusSystemic sclerosisVitamin D

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Low vitamin D levels are common in autoimmune diseases.
  • Anti-vitamin D antibodies may contribute to vitamin D deficiency and influence autoimmune processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review studies on anti-vitamin D antibodies in autoimmune diseases.
  • To analyze the prevalence and associations of these antibodies.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of three studies.
  • Analysis of data from 345 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), scleroderma (SSc), primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (pAPS), and pemphigus vulgaris (PV).

Main Results:

  • Vitamin D deficiency was prevalent (57.1%-82.1%).
  • Anti-vitamin D antibodies ranged from 3.5% in pAPS to 87% in SSc.
  • Antibodies associated with disease markers in SLE (anti-dsDNA) and SSc (disease itself).

Conclusions:

  • Anti-vitamin D antibodies are present in a significant portion of patients with various autoimmune diseases.
  • These antibodies may be involved in autoimmune disease mechanisms and progression.