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Age-dependent effects of lockdown and post-lockdown periods on HbA1c during the COVID-19 pandemic: A 3-year

Vehbi Şirikçi1, Cem Onur Kiraç2, Hüseyin Avni Findikli1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Necip Fazil City Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.

Medicine
|December 10, 2024
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 lockdowns worsened glycemic control in older adults with diabetes mellitus (DM), increasing HbA1c levels. Younger patients showed improved control, highlighting the need for targeted geriatric care during such periods.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Geriatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated widespread lockdowns, significantly altering daily routines and healthcare access.
  • The impact of these lockdown measures on glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is not fully understood, particularly in elderly populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of COVID-19 lockdown measures on metabolic parameters in patients with diabetes mellitus.
  • To specifically analyze the impact on geriatric populations (patients aged 65 and older).

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective, longitudinal cohort study involving 1224 patients with diabetes mellitus.
  • Analysis of three 1-year periods: pre-lockdown, lockdown, and post-lockdown.
  • Calculation of mean metabolic parameters (including HbA1c) for each period, requiring at least two measurements per period.

Main Results:

  • Patients over 65 years old experienced a significant increase in HbA1c levels during the lockdown (P=.017).
  • Patients under 65 years old showed a significant decrease in HbA1c levels (P=.014).
  • Within the geriatric group, those aged 75-85 showed the largest HbA1c increase, with a significant rise also in the 65-75 age group; patients over 85 showed no change.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 lockdowns negatively impacted glycemic control in elderly patients with diabetes.
  • Close monitoring of older adults with DM during lockdowns is crucial, utilizing home care or telehealth.
  • Adherence to at-home structured diet and exercise programs is recommended for diabetic patients during lockdowns.

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