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  11. Prevalence Of Obesity, Determinants, And Its Association With Hyperglycaemia Among Community Dwelling Older Adolescents In India

Prevalence of obesity, determinants, and its association with hyperglycaemia among community dwelling older adolescents in India

Vansh Maheshwari1, Saurav Basu2

  • 1Indian Institute of Public Health-Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram 122102, Haryana, India.

World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics
|December 10, 2024

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In India, approximately 1% of older adolescents have diabetes, with a significant portion undiagnosed. Overweight and obesity are prevalent, linked to factors like higher education and wealth, necessitating improved screening and treatment access.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Endocrinology
  • Adolescent Medicine

Background:

  • Obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) are growing global public health issues in adolescents.
  • India faces a dual burden with the largest adolescent population and a high DM prevalence, exacerbated by rapid urbanization, dietary shifts, and sedentary lifestyles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and risk factors of obesity and hyperglycemia in Indian adolescents aged 15-19.
  • To investigate the association between obesity, hyperglycemia, and diabetes mellitus in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 258,028 adolescents (15-19 years) from India's National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-2021).
  • Utilized stratified two-stage sampling with systematic random sampling in rural and urban settings.
Keywords:
AdolescentsDiabetesHyperglycaemiaIndia

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  • Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression using generalized linear models.

    • Main Results:

    • The prevalence of DM was 1.09% (0.77% diagnosed, 0.32% newly diagnosed).
    • Factors associated with DM included older age, higher education, higher wealth index, and overweight/obesity.
    • Overweight/obesity prevalence was 6.9%, with higher odds in males, higher education, urban residence, and higher wealth index. Only 61% of diagnosed adolescents were on treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • Nearly 1% of Indian older adolescents have diabetes, with one-third remaining undiagnosed.
    • A significant prevalence of overweight/obesity exists, associated with socioeconomic and demographic factors.
    • Urgent strengthening of DM screening and treatment accessibility for adolescents via public health initiatives is crucial.
    Obesity