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The Tumor Microenvironment

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

A Preclinical Mouse Model of Osteosarcoma to Define the Extracellular Vesicle-mediated Communication Between Tumor and Mesenchymal Stem Cells

A Preclinical Mouse Model of Osteosarcoma to Define the Extracellular Vesicle-mediated Communication Between Tumor and Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: May 6, 2018

Exploring osteosarcoma based on the tumor microenvironment.

Ao Wu¹, Zhi-Kai Yang², Peng Kong³

¹The First Clinical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China.

Frontiers in Immunology

|December 10, 2024

Summary

This study developed a precise risk assessment model for osteosarcoma, identifying immune-related genes to predict patient outcomes and analyze immune checkpoints effectively.

Keywords:

immune-related genes immunization checkpoints immunotherapy osteosarcoma tumor microenvironment

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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2025

A Preclinical Mouse Model of Osteosarcoma to Define the Extracellular Vesicle-mediated Communication Between Tumor and Mesenchymal Stem Cells

A Preclinical Mouse Model of Osteosarcoma to Define the Extracellular Vesicle-mediated Communication Between Tumor and Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: May 6, 2018

Three-Dimensional Bone Extracellular Matrix Model for Osteosarcoma

Three-Dimensional Bone Extracellular Matrix Model for Osteosarcoma

Published on: April 12, 2019

Intratibial Osteosarcoma Cell Injection to Generate Orthotopic Osteosarcoma and Lung Metastasis Mouse Models

Intratibial Osteosarcoma Cell Injection to Generate Orthotopic Osteosarcoma and Lung Metastasis Mouse Models

Published on: October 28, 2021

Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunology
Bioinformatics

Background:

Osteosarcoma, a bone cancer from mesenchymal cells, presents challenges with metastasis, drug resistance, disability, and mortality.
The tumor microenvironment's (TME) immunological characteristics are crucial for osteosarcoma prognosis and treatment, necessitating sensitive prognostic signatures.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify a sensitive prognostic signature for osteosarcoma by analyzing immune characteristics within the TME.
To develop and validate a risk assessment model based on immune-related differentially expressed genes (IR-DEGs) for predicting osteosarcoma patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 84 osteosarcoma samples from the UCSC Xena database for immune infiltration and classification.
Identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and immune-related DEGs (IR-DEGs) using TIMER database and intersection analysis.
Construction of a risk model using univariate COX regression and LASSO analysis, followed by survival analysis and immune checkpoint evaluation.

Main Results:

The majority of DEGs identified were enriched in the immune domain, highlighting the role of immunity in osteosarcoma.
The developed risk assessment model showed significant prognostic distinctions between high-risk and low-risk scoring groups.
The model's findings were consistent with previous research and yielded meaningful results in analyzing immune checkpoints.

Conclusions:

The developed risk assessment model is precise and dependable for forecasting osteosarcoma outcomes.
The model aids in analyzing the immunological characteristics of osteosarcoma, offering potential for improved patient management.