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Preparation, Imaging, and Quantification of Bacterial Surface Motility Assays
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A generalized model for predicting different morphologies of bacterial swarming on a porous solid surface.

Uttam Kumar1, Subramaniam Pushpavanam1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India. spush@iitm.ac.in.

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Summary

This study presents a two-phase model for bacterial swarming dynamics on porous substrates, predicting diverse swarm morphologies. The model reveals how substrate wettability and surface tension influence bacterial expansion and biomass distribution.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biophysics
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Bacterial swarming is a complex motility phenomenon crucial for microbial colonization and biofilm formation.
  • Understanding the factors governing swarm morphology is essential for predicting bacterial spread and developing control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive two-phase model for analyzing bacterial swarming dynamics on porous substrates.
  • To investigate the influence of various physical and biological parameters on bacterial swarm morphology.

Main Methods:

  • A two-phase model incorporating cell and aqueous phases was developed using the thin-film approximation.
  • The model includes surfactant generation, inter-phase drag, osmotic influx, Marangoni stresses, and disjoining pressure.
  • A precursor film was employed to handle contact line singularities.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully predicts diverse bacterial swarm morphologies, including arrested, circular, modulated, branching, droplet, fingering, and dendrite shapes.
  • Increased substrate wettability accelerates swarm expansion.
  • Enhanced surface tension promotes radial biomass redistribution.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model provides a robust framework for understanding bacterial swarming dynamics.
  • Key parameters like biomass growth, surfactant production, diffusivity, and osmotic influx significantly impact swarm morphology.
  • The study elucidates the mechanisms behind the formation of various complex swarm patterns.