Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 20, 2026

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice
07:52

Conjunctival Commensal Isolation and Identification in Mice

Published on: May 1, 2021

4.4K

Microbiology Profiles and Antibiotic Susceptibility in Pediatric Microbial Keratitis

Melodyanne Y Cheng1, Piseth Dalin Chea2,3, Golshan Latifi2,4

  • 1David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.

Cornea
|December 10, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric infectious keratitis in Southern California is mainly bacterial. Gram-positive bacteria respond well to vancomycin, while gram-negative bacteria, especially Pseudomonas, are susceptible to gentamicin and ciprofloxacin.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Pediatric infectious keratitis is a significant cause of vision loss in children.
  • Understanding local microbial trends and antibiotic resistance is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in microbiology and antibiotic susceptibility for pediatric infectious keratitis in Southern California.
  • To inform clinical practice and antimicrobial stewardship for pediatric eye infections.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of pediatric patients (≤18 years) with infectious keratitis and positive cultures (2006-2019).
  • Analysis of patient demographics, causative microorganisms, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns.
  • Focus on bacterial isolates, including Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp.

Main Results:

  • Bacterial pathogens accounted for 92% of identified microorganisms.
  • Staphylococcus spp. was the most common gram-positive isolate, and Pseudomonas spp. was the most common gram-negative isolate.
  • High susceptibility of gram-positive isolates to vancomycin (92.3%) and gram-negative isolates to gentamicin (86%) and ciprofloxacin (79%) was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric microbial keratitis in Southern California is primarily caused by bacteria.
  • Vancomycin is effective against gram-positive isolates, and gentamicin/ciprofloxacin are effective against gram-negative isolates, including Pseudomonas spp.
  • These findings support current treatment guidelines and highlight the importance of local susceptibility data.
Abstract

Keywords:
antibiotic susceptibilitypediatric keratitisresistance

More Related Videos

Quantifying the Effects of Antimicrobials on In vitro Biofilm Architecture using COMSTAT Software06:18

Quantifying the Effects of Antimicrobials on In vitro Biofilm Architecture using COMSTAT Software

Published on: December 14, 2020

3.3K
A Novel Method to Determine the Longitudinal Antibacterial Activity of Drug-Eluting Materials06:18

A Novel Method to Determine the Longitudinal Antibacterial Activity of Drug-Eluting Materials

Published on: March 3, 2023

1.3K

Related Concept Videos

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
Microbiome of the Eye01:22

Microbiome of the Eye

The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
Automated Microbial Diagnostics01:24

Automated Microbial Diagnostics

Automated diagnostic analyzers have transformed clinical microbiology by providing rapid and reliable methods for pathogen identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Among these systems, the Vitek 2 is widely used because it automates the traditionally labor-intensive processes of microbial identification (ID) and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST), delivering standardized and timely results that are essential for effective patient care.Microbial Identification with ID CardsThe...
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...
Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...