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Related Concept Videos

Framing Effects03:26

Framing Effects

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Information is everywhere and its presentation—such as how and when items are presented—can impact our perceptions and decisions surrounding the info. This broad concept umbrellas framing effects—influences that occur due to the way information is framed in its appearance, whether it’s purely the order or the specific wording of a message. Let’s take a look at numerous ways in which two versions of something can objectively say the same thing, yet we respond in...
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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Quantification of Social Behavior in Adult Rats
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A novel prenatal alcohol use risk perception model: feedback from a Delphi process.

May Na Erng1, Natasha Reid1, Karen M Moritz2

  • 1The University of Queensland, Child Health Research Centre, South Brisbane 4101, Australia.

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|December 10, 2024
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Summary

Understanding women's risk perception of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is key for prevention. This study refined the Pregnancy Alcohol Use Risk Perception (PARP) model, incorporating self-relevance, affect, context, and dynamic factors for better communication.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) poses significant risks to fetal development.
  • Effective communication and prevention strategies require understanding women's risk perception.
  • A prior systematic review established the Pregnancy Alcohol Use Risk Perception (PARP) conceptual model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To refine the existing PARP conceptual model through expert consensus.
  • To enhance the understanding of factors influencing PAE risk perception.
  • To improve the development of targeted interventions for alcohol use during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • A Delphi process involving 37 international experts was employed.
  • Three online surveys were conducted between May and December 2022.
  • Data were collected using Likert-scale and free-text responses, analyzed with descriptive and reflexive thematic analysis.

Main Results:

  • The PARP model was revised based on expert feedback.
  • Four key characteristics emerged: self-relevance/risk negotiation, affect-cognition interplay, socioecological contextual influences, and dynamic nature of risk perception.
  • Experts confirmed the model's utility and clarity.

Conclusions:

  • The refined PARP model offers a comprehensive socioecological perspective on PAE risk perception.
  • Acknowledging individual, sociocultural, and institutional factors is crucial for tailored health messages.
  • This enhanced model can guide the development of more effective PAE prevention strategies.