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Information Source Characteristics of Personal Data Leakage During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: Observational

Zhong Wang¹, Fangru Hu², Jie Su³

¹School of Economics, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.

JMIR Medical Informatics

|December 10, 2024

Abstract

Background:

During the COVID-19 pandemic, in the period of preventing and controlling the spread of the virus, a large amount of personal data was collected in China, and privacy leakage incidents occurred.

Objective:

We aimed to examine the information source characteristics of personal data leakage during the COVID-19 pandemic in China.

Methods:

We extracted information source characteristics of 40 personal data leakage cases using open coding and analyzed the data with 1D and 2D matrices.

Results:

In terms of organizational characteristics, data leakage cases mainly occurred in government agencies below the prefecture level, while few occurred in the medical system or in high-level government organizations. The majority of leakers were regular employees or junior staff members rather than temporary workers or senior managers. Family WeChat groups were the primary route for disclosure; the forwarding of documents was the main method of divulgence, while taking screenshots and pictures made up a comparatively smaller portion.

Conclusions:

We propose the following suggestions: restricting the authority of nonmedical institutions and low-level government agencies to collect data, strengthening training for low-level employees on privacy protection, and restricting the flow of data on social media through technical measures.

Keywords:

COVID-19 China characteristics of information sources data privacy information source leakage privacy leakage public health public health emergency

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