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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Coral Reef Arks: An In Situ Mesocosm and Toolkit for Assembling Reef Communities
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Host-specific viral predation network on coral reefs.

Natascha S Varona1, Poppy J Hesketh-Best1,2, Felipe H Coutinho3

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States.

The ISME Journal
|December 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Viral lysis impacts coral reef bacteria, but host interactions were unclear. This study reveals viruses decouple from host abundance, identifying highly productive viruses and their hosts in marine ecosystems.

Keywords:
MetaHi-Cbacteriophageinfection networklysogeny

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Area of Science:

  • Marine microbiology
  • Viral ecology
  • Biogeochemical cycling

Background:

  • Viral lysis is crucial for controlling bacterial populations in coral reefs.
  • Methodological challenges have hindered understanding of virus-host interactions and their frequencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reconstruct an abundance-resolved virus-bacteria interaction network in coral reef waters.
  • To identify viral hosts and quantify interaction frequencies.
  • To investigate the relationship between viral abundance, viral production, and host abundance.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated direct microscopy counts with virus-host links from proximity-ligation, prophage integration, and CRISPR spacers.
  • Reconstructed a virus-bacteria interaction network with 3013 links and 97 unique species-level interactions.
  • Analyzed the cell-associated virus-to-host ratio (VHR) as an indicator of viral production.

Main Results:

  • Viral particle abundance showed a weak relationship with host abundance and viral production.
  • Highly productive viruses (high VHR) interacted with intermediate-to-low abundance hosts (Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, Planctomycetia).
  • Low-production viruses interacted with abundant hosts (Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria) enriched in prophages.

Conclusions:

  • Viral abundance and production are decoupled in marine microbial communities.
  • Differential decay rates and burst sizes may explain this decoupling.
  • Lysogenic infections are significant for high-abundance host ecology.