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Diagnostic Accuracy of Active MMP-8 Point-of-Care Test in Peri-Implantitis
Ioannis Fragkioudakis1, Leonidas Batas1, Ioannis Vouros1
1Department of Periodontology and Implant Biology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) quantitative chairside point-of-care (PoC) lateral flow immunotest for peri-implant diseases, and it sought to correlate aMMP-8 levels with clinical parameters to determine its effectiveness as a biomarker for peri-implantitis.
Materials And Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Periodontology and Implant Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. Participants included systemically healthy individuals with at least one implant loaded for more than 1 year, who had not received periodontal treatment or antibiotics in the preceding 6 months. Exclusion criteria included diabetes and immune-compromising conditions. Peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) samples were collected from the mesiobuccal or distobuccal site of the implant. The quantitative chairside PoC lateral flow immunotest for peri-implant diseases (ImplantSafe test) and ORALyzer digital reader were used to analyze PISF, with results expressed in ng/mL. Clinical parameters such as bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), recession (REC), and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured at six sites per implant using a 15-mm scale periodontal probe.
Results:
No significant differences were found in age, gender distribution, or smoking status between the healthy/mucositis and peri-implantitis groups. The peri-implantitis group showed significantly higher mean percentages of BOP (57.58 ± 31.73 vs. 18.79 ± 24.17), PD (4.59 ± 1.22 mm vs. 2.94 ± 0.78 mm), and CAL (5.21 ± 1.72 mm vs. 3.05 ± 0.81 mm). aMMP-8 levels were also significantly higher in the peri-implantitis group (53.39 ± 49.70 vs. 22.03 ± 32.87). The diagnostic test demonstrated a sensitivity of 81.25% and specificity of 74.07%, with an area under the curve of 79.6%, indicating overall good accuracy in distinguishing between positive and negative conditions.
Conclusion:
The aMMP-8 is a promising biomarker for peri-implantitis, showing elevated levels in affected patients. The aMMP-8 chairside test demonstrates high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, supporting its use in early detection and monitoring of peri-implant diseases. Further research is needed to establish standardized protocols for its clinical application and to explore its long-term predictive value in implant care.
Insights
The active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) chairside test shows high accuracy in detecting peri-implantitis. Elevated aMMP-8 levels in peri-implant sulcular fluid indicate disease, aiding early diagnosis and monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Dental Implantology
- Biomarker Discovery
- Periodontology
Background:
- Peri-implant diseases pose a significant threat to dental implant success.
- Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management of peri-implantitis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a quantitative chairside point-of-care (PoC) lateral flow immunotest for active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8).
- To assess the correlation between aMMP-8 levels and clinical parameters in peri-implant diseases.
- To determine the effectiveness of aMMP-8 as a biomarker for peri-implantitis.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving systemically healthy individuals with loaded implants.
- Collection of peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) for aMMP-8 analysis using a chairside immunotest.
- Measurement of clinical parameters including bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL).
Main Results:
- The peri-implantitis group exhibited significantly higher BOP, PD, CAL, and aMMP-8 levels compared to the healthy/mucositis group.
- The aMMP-8 chairside test demonstrated a sensitivity of 81.25% and specificity of 74.07%.
- An area under the curve of 79.6% indicated good diagnostic accuracy for the aMMP-8 test.
Conclusions:
- Active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) is a promising biomarker for peri-implantitis.
- The chairside aMMP-8 test offers high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for early detection and monitoring.
- Further research is warranted to standardize clinical application and assess long-term predictive value.
