National, state and territory trends in gestational diabetes mellitus in Australia, 2016-2021: Differences by state/territory and country of birth
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View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) incidence increased significantly across Australia from 2016 to 2021, with the highest rises observed in the Northern Territory and among Southeast Asian-born women. Culturally tailored prevention strategies are urgently needed.
Area Of Science
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Reproductive Health
Background
- Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses significant risks to maternal and infant health.
- Understanding GDM trends is crucial for effective public health interventions.
- Australia has diverse demographics requiring localized GDM management strategies.
Purpose Of The Study
- To investigate the trends of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) incidence in Australia.
- To analyze GDM trends by state/territory and country of birth.
- To identify specific populations experiencing significant increases in GDM.
Main Methods
- A cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS) and Australian Bureau of Statistics from 2016 to 2021.
- Average Annual Percentage Changes (AAPCs) were calculated to assess trend magnitudes.
- The Cochrane-Armitage test was employed for trend assessment.
Main Results
- Nationally, age-standardised GDM incidence rose from 9.3% in 2016 to 15.7% in 2021 (AAPC +10.9%).
- The Northern Territory showed the most substantial increase, from 6.7% to 19.2% (AAPC +24.6%).
- Women born in Southeast Asia experienced a rise in GDM incidence from 12.2% to 22.5% (p-trend <0.001).
Conclusions
- GDM incidence has significantly increased across Australia, with notable rises in the Northern Territory and Victoria.
- Women born in Southeast Asia, and South and Central Asia are disproportionately affected.
- There is an urgent need for location-specific and culturally sensitive GDM prevention programs.
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