Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Test for Homogeneity01:23

Test for Homogeneity

1.9K
The goodness–of–fit test can be used to decide whether a population fits a given distribution, but it will not suffice to decide whether two populations follow the same unknown distribution. A different test, called the test for homogeneity, can be used to conclude whether two populations have the same distribution. To calculate the test statistic for a test for homogeneity, follow the same procedure as with the test of independence. The hypotheses for the test for homogeneity can...
1.9K
Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups01:20

Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups

150
Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
150
Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test for Matched Pairs01:09

Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test for Matched Pairs

87
The Wilcoxon signed-rank test for matched pairs evaluates the null hypothesis by combining the ranks of differences with their signs. It essentially tests whether the median of the differences in a population of matched pairs is zero. Since the test incorporates more information than the sign test, it generally yields more trustable conclusions. This test also does not require the data to follow a normal distribution, but two conditions must be met for it to be applicable: (1) the data must...
87
Friedman Two-way Analysis of Variance by Ranks01:21

Friedman Two-way Analysis of Variance by Ranks

146
Friedman's Two-Way Analysis of Variance by Ranks is a nonparametric test designed to identify differences across multiple test attempts when traditional assumptions of normality and equal variances do not apply. Unlike conventional ANOVA, which requires normally distributed data with equal variances, Friedman's test is ideal for ordinal or non-normally distributed data, making it particularly useful for analyzing dependent samples, such as matched subjects over time or repeated measures...
146
Sign Test for Matched Pairs01:17

Sign Test for Matched Pairs

102
The sign test for matched pairs offers a robust method for comparing two paired samples, often for the effects of an intervention in one of them. This method is very useful in situations where the underlying distribution of the data is unknown. The test compares two related samples—often pre- and post-treatment measurements on the same subjects—to determine if there are significant differences in their median values.
To conduct the sign test, we first calculate the differences in...
102
Bonferroni Test01:10

Bonferroni Test

2.7K
The Bonferroni test is a statistical test named after Carlo Emilio Bonferroni, an Italian mathematician best known for Bonferroni inequalities. This statistical test is a type of multiple comparison test to determine which means are different than the rest. Bonferroni test can minimize the Type 1 error by reducing the significance level alpha, which otherwise increases with sample pairs.
The means of different samples are first paired in all possible combinations.
The null hypothesis of the...
2.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Integrative network toxicology and experimental evidence reveal mechanisms underlying diethyl phthalate-induced initiation and progression of endometrial cancer.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Core Deficits and Eating Behaviors in Children with Autism: The Role of Executive Function.

Nutrients·2025
Same author

Integrating microbiome and machine learning for precision diagnosis of rice bakanae disease.

Plant methods·2025
Same author

Developing an online calculator to estimate the overall survival benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with early-stage type II endometrial carcinoma.

Journal of gynecology obstetrics and human reproduction·2025
Same author

Multimodal-based deep learning detected disrupted precuneus connectivity and its related genetic profiles for predicting adults with ADHD.

Journal of affective disorders·2025
Same author

Identification and evolution analysis of the fos gene family: highlighting the role of fosab in muscle growth of mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi.

International journal of biological macromolecules·2025
Same journal

A joint model for a longitudinal outcome and a progressive multistate model under a mixed observation scheme.

Statistical methods in medical research·2026
Same journal

Efficient semi-supervised estimation of optimal individualized treatment regimes with survival outcome.

Statistical methods in medical research·2026
Same journal

Asymptotic online FWER control for dependent test statistics.

Statistical methods in medical research·2026
Same journal

Regression analysis of misclassified current status data with potentially unknown test accuracy.

Statistical methods in medical research·2026
Same journal

Bayesian multivariate linear mixed-effects models with varied association structures.

Statistical methods in medical research·2026
Same journal

Inference about the ratio of age-standardized rates between two overlapping populations.

Statistical methods in medical research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Flypub To Study Ethanol Induced Behavioral Disinhibition and Sensitization
08:13

Flypub To Study Ethanol Induced Behavioral Disinhibition and Sensitization

Published on: May 18, 2020

6.5K

Testing the equality of response rate functions for paired binary data with multiple groups.

Yufei Liu1, Zhiming Li1, Keyi Mou1

  • 1College of Mathematics and System Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China.

Statistical Methods in Medical Research
|December 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces new methods to test therapeutic response equality in paired organ clinical trial data. Score tests demonstrated superior performance and reliability compared to likelihood ratio and Wald-type tests, especially in smaller sample sizes.

Keywords:
MinP methodPaired binary dataRosner’s modelhomogeneity testresponse rate function

More Related Videos

Testing for Metacognitive Responding Using an Odor-based Delayed Match-to-Sample Test in Rats
08:06

Testing for Metacognitive Responding Using an Odor-based Delayed Match-to-Sample Test in Rats

Published on: June 18, 2018

7.2K
Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios
07:43

Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Flypub To Study Ethanol Induced Behavioral Disinhibition and Sensitization
08:13

Flypub To Study Ethanol Induced Behavioral Disinhibition and Sensitization

Published on: May 18, 2020

6.5K
Testing for Metacognitive Responding Using an Odor-based Delayed Match-to-Sample Test in Rats
08:06

Testing for Metacognitive Responding Using an Odor-based Delayed Match-to-Sample Test in Rats

Published on: June 18, 2018

7.2K
Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios
07:43

Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.9K

Area of Science:

  • Biostatistics
  • Clinical Trial Methodology
  • Statistical Inference

Background:

  • Clinical trials frequently involve paired organ data, necessitating robust statistical methods for response evaluation.
  • Existing measures like risk difference, relative risk ratio, and odds ratio are forms of response rate functions, but their homogeneity testing requires specialized approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate methods for testing the equality of response rate functions in paired correlated data.
  • To establish homogeneity tests for risk difference, relative risk ratio, and odds ratio as special cases within a unified framework.

Main Methods:

  • An interclass correlation model was employed to obtain global and constrained maximum likelihood estimations.
  • Likelihood ratio, score, and Wald-type statistics were constructed with explicit expressions for risk difference, relative risk ratio, and odds ratio.
  • Monte Carlo simulations were utilized to assess empirical type I error rates and statistical power.

Main Results:

  • Score tests exhibited satisfactory performance with type I error rates close to the nominal level.
  • Likelihood ratio tests performed well, followed by score tests.
  • Wald-type tests demonstrated poor performance, particularly with small sample sizes.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed score tests offer a reliable method for assessing response rate function equality in paired data.
  • The study provides a unified approach to homogeneity testing for common therapeutic response measures.
  • Findings guide the selection of appropriate statistical tests in clinical trials with paired organ observations.