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Mumps in Poland in 2022
Karolina Mrozowska-Nyckowska1, Iwona Paradowska-Stankiewicz1
1Zakład Epidemiologii Chorób Zakaźnych i Nadzoru, Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego PZH - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy.
Background:
Mumps, also known as Sudden parotitis, is a viral disease whose main source of infection is the sick/infected person. It posed a serious public health threat in Poland before the introduction of mandatory vaccination. In 2003, Poland introduced the Immunization Program, which included a two-dose vaccination against mumps as part of the MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) vaccine for all children.
Objective:
The study aimed to assess the epidemiological situation of mumps in Poland in 2022 compared to previous years, including an analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Material And Methods:
The analysis of the epidemiological situation of mumps in Poland in 2022 was based on the interpretation of data published in the annual bulletin: "Infectious Diseases and Poisonings in Poland in 2022" and "Vaccinations in Poland in 2022".
Results:
In 2022, 922 cases of mumps were registered in Poland. This was a 90.5% increase compared to 2021 when 484 cases were recorded. The total incidence was 2.4 per 100,000 residents, 84.6% higher than in 2021. The highest incidence of 3.4 per 100 000 residents was registered in the Mazowieckie voivodeship, and the lowest, as in the previous year, was 1.0/100 000 residents in the Dolnośląskie voivodeship. The highest incidence (12.9/100 000) was recorded in children aged 0-4 and 5-9 (16.1/100 000). The incidence in men (3.0/100 000) was higher than in women (1.9/100 000). In 2022, the number of hospitalizations for mumps in Poland was 20, an increase of 122.2% compared to 2021, when 9 people were hospitalized.
Conclusions:
The year 2022 showed an overall upward trend in registered mumps cases. The decrease in the number of mumps cases in 2021 was a result of the ongoing pandemic. The restrictions implemented during the pandemic period contributed to a decrease in the number of cases of various droplet-transmitted diseases, including mumps. Still, the observed number of mumps cases in 2022 remains below levels observed during the pre-pandemic COVID-19 period (2019).
Insights
Mumps cases in Poland significantly increased in 2022, rising 90.5% from 2021. While higher than during the pandemic, 2022 mumps incidence remains below pre-COVID-19 levels.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Mumps (Sudden parotitis) is a contagious viral illness posing a significant public health risk.
- Mandatory measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination was introduced in Poland in 2003.
- Pre-vaccination, mumps presented a substantial threat to public health in Poland.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the 2022 mumps epidemiological situation in Poland.
- To compare 2022 mumps data with previous years.
- To analyze the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on mumps epidemiology.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of official Polish epidemiological data for 2022.
- Review of "Infectious Diseases and Poisonings in Poland in 2022" bulletin.
- Review of "Vaccinations in Poland in 2022" bulletin.
Main Results:
- Poland registered 922 mumps cases in 2022, a 90.5% increase from 2021.
- Overall incidence rose by 84.6% to 2.4 per 100,000 population.
- Highest incidence occurred in children aged 0-9 years and in the Mazowieckie voivodeship.
Conclusions:
- 2022 saw an upward trend in registered mumps cases in Poland.
- Pandemic-related restrictions in 2021 temporarily reduced droplet-transmitted disease cases, including mumps.
- Despite the increase, 2022 mumps cases remained lower than in the pre-pandemic year of 2019.
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