Improving Oral Health in Prisons (PriOH): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Behavioral Science
• Correctional Healthcare

Background:

• Incarcerated individuals frequently experience poor oral health due to limited dental access and awareness.
• A pilot study indicated motivational interviewing (MI) positively impacts oral health outcomes in prison settings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the effectiveness of integrating MI with oral hygiene packages for improving oral health in prisons.
• To compare oral health outcomes in an intervention group receiving MI versus a control group.

Main Methods:

• A multicenter, randomized, double-blinded controlled trial involving 327 participants across 4 prisons.
• The intervention group received a 30-minute MI session focused on oral health behaviors and attitudes.
• Primary outcome: mucosal-plaque scores; Secondary outcomes: hygiene routines, dietary habits, and oral health perception.

Main Results:

• Data collected from November 2021 to June 2023.
• A total of 327 participants were recruited, with 126 in the intervention group.

Conclusions:

• Integrating MI into prison oral health programs can substantially enhance oral health for incarcerated individuals.
• Findings may inform policymakers and practitioners on improving care for this underserved population.
• Potential for broader implementation to improve dental care practices in correctional facilities.